A functional organization divides work based on: A. Geographical regions B. Specialized functions or departments C. Seniority of employees D. Gender of workers Correct answer is: B. Specialized functions or departments
Which organization type combines functional and project-based structures? A. Line organization B. Staff organization C. Matrix organization D. Committee organization Correct answer is: C. Matrix organization
The scalar chain principle in organization theory refers to: A. Unbroken chain of authority from top to bottom B. Equal pay for all employees C. Flexible working hours D. Informal communication networks Correct answer is: A. Unbroken chain of authority from top to bottom
Unity of command means an employee should report to: A. Multiple supervisors B. Only one superior C. The HR department D. External consultants Correct answer is: B. Only one superior
The “360-degree feedback” method collects performance input from: A. Only the manager B. Peers, subordinates, self, and manager C. Only customers D. External auditors Correct answer is: B. Peers, subordinates, self, and manager
Which appraisal error occurs when a rater gives high ratings to everyone? A. Central tendency error B. Leniency error C. Halo error D. Recency error Correct answer is: B. Leniency error
Management by Objectives (MBO) involves: A. Setting mutually agreed goals between manager and employee B. Observing employees secretly C. Comparing employees against each other D. Focusing only on past mistakes Correct answer is: A. Setting mutually agreed goals between manager and employee
A forced distribution system ranks employees into predefined categories. This is also known as: A. Critical incident method B. Stack ranking or "vitality curve" C. Essay method D. Checklist method Correct answer is: B. Stack ranking or "vitality curve"
The term “compa-ratio” compares: A. An employee's salary to the market average B. Two employees' salaries C. Salary to company profit D. Bonus to base pay Correct answer is: A. An employee's salary to the market average
Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) typically provide: A. Legal defense for the company B. Confidential counseling for personal or work-related problems C. Free loans to employees D. Stock purchase plans Correct answer is: B. Confidential counseling for personal or work-related problems