- A. Lord Curzon
- B. Lord Wavell
- C. Lord Minto
- D. Lord Algan
The Correct Answer is: A
Explanation
The Partition of Bengal and Lord Curzon
The partition of Bengal in 1905 was a highly controversial event in British colonial India. Here’s a breakdown with some details about Lord Curzon’s role:
Viceroy Lord Curzon (1899-1905):
Motivation for Partition: Curzon argued that the existing province of Bengal, encompassing a large area and population, was becoming unwieldy to administer. He proposed dividing it into two provinces: a western province with a Hindu majority and an eastern province with a Muslim majority.
Official Reasons: The British government cited administrative efficiency as the primary reason for the partition. However, many historians believe there were other motives at play.
Unintended Consequences: The partition triggered widespread protests and nationalist movements in Bengal. Hindus felt their dominance was being challenged, while Muslims felt the new province lacked resources and political power.
Opposition and Unrest:
Nationalist Uprising: The partition fueled the rise of Indian nationalism. Leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Rabindranath Tagore vehemently opposed the decision and organized protests, boycotts, and a movement for national unity.
Swadeshi Movement: The Swadeshi movement, promoting the use of indigenous Indian goods over British imports, gained momentum as a form of economic protest.
Reversal of Partition:
Growing Unrest: The widespread agitation and growing unrest forced the British government to reconsider the partition.
Partial Reunification: In 1911, the eastern province was further divided, creating a separate province for Bihar and Orissa. A portion of the eastern Bengal province was reunited with Bengal, but the Muslim-majority areas remained a separate entity (East Bengal and Assam).
Legacy of Partition:
Seeds of Division: The partition of Bengal sowed the seeds of religious and political division that would ultimately lead to the partition of India in 1947.
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