Preventive classroom management emphasizes:
Prevention through clear expectations reduces disruptions.
Prevention through clear expectations reduces disruptions.
Minimal intervention corrects behavior without disrupting learning.
Seating should support the planned learning activities.
Intrinsic motivation grows from autonomy, challenge, and meaning.
Extrinsic motivation comes from external rewards or pressures.
Guided questioning leads students step-by-step to understanding.
Adding a pleasant stimulus (praise) after behavior is positive reinforcement.
Negative reinforcement removes an aversive stimulus to increase behavior.
Inquiry starts with questions or problems to investigate.
Justifying conclusions requires evaluation and reasoning.
Why questions require analysis and reasoning — higher-order thinking.
Wait time is the pause after questioning before calling on students.
Scaffolding provides temporary support that fades as learners gain competence.
ZPD is the gap between independent and assisted performance.
Dewey championed experiential, hands-on learning.
Constructivism holds that learners actively build knowledge.
Constructivist teaching promotes inquiry, dialogue, and active meaning-making.
Adjusting task difficulty by readiness is differentiation.
Each member must contribute; no one can free-ride in cooperative learning.
Jigsaw has students become experts on segments and teach peers.