General Knowledge MCQs

The Khyber Pass connects Pakistan with Afghanistan. Specifically, it links the city of Peshawar in Pakistan with Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan.

Here are some other important mountain passes in Pakistan:

Bolan Pass: This pass connects Sibi in Balochistan with Quetta, a major city in the province. It has historical significance as part of a trade route.
Babusar Pass: This pass connects Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with Gilgit-Baltistan, a northern territory of Pakistan. It's known for its scenic beauty but can be treacherous due to high altitude and weather conditions.
Karakoram Pass: This high-altitude pass on the China-Pakistan border is famous for being part of the Karakoram Highway, one of the highest paved roads in the world.

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The answer is B. Equator.

Here's why:

A great circle is any circle drawn on the surface of a sphere that divides the sphere into two equal halves.
The equator perfectly fulfills this definition. It is an imaginary line circling the Earth exactly in the middle, dividing it into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
The Arctic Circle, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn are all lines of latitude. Lines of latitude are parallel to the equator and do not divide the Earth into equal halves. They are considered small circles.

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The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan is a detailed document outlining the framework of the government and the fundamental rights of its citizens. Here's a breakdown of its key components:

Parts:

Part I: Introductory (Articles 1-6): This part lays the groundwork by declaring Pakistan an Islamic Republic and outlining its sovereignty.

Part II: Fundamental Rights and Principles of Policy (Articles 7-40): This is a crucial section that defines the fundamental rights guaranteed to Pakistani citizens, such as:

Equality before law (Article 25)
Freedom of movement (Article 15)
Freedom of speech (Article 19)
Freedom of religion (Article 20)
Right to life and liberty (Article 23)
Protection against torture (Article 24)
This part also outlines the principles of policy the government should follow, promoting social justice, Islamic values, and economic well-being.

Part III: The Federation (Articles 41-237): This is the largest part, delving into the structure and powers of the federal government. It covers:

The Bicameral Legislature (Parliament) with its powers and limitations (Articles 50-77)
The Executive Branch, including the President and Prime Minister, their roles and responsibilities (Articles 41-44 & 90-96)
The Judiciary, outlining the court system and its independence (Articles 175-203)
Distribution of legislative powers between the federal and provincial governments (Articles 70 & 72)
Financial provisions related to taxation and budgeting (Articles 160-169)
Part IV: Provinces (Articles 238-279): This part defines the structure and powers of the four provinces of Pakistan. It covers:

Provincial Assemblies and their legislative powers
Provincial Governors and their roles
High Courts in each province
Part V: Relations between the Federation and the Provinces (Articles 280-288): This part outlines how the federal government and the provinces should cooperate and resolve any disputes.

Part VI: Islamic Provisions (Articles 289-290): This part emphasizes the importance of Islam in the Pakistani state and the enforcement of Islamic laws according to the Quran and Sunnah.

Part VII: Amendments to the Constitution (Articles 290A-291): This part details the process for amending the Constitution.

It's important to note:

The Constitution has been amended several times since 1973.
There are ongoing debates and interpretations regarding the balance of power between the federal government and the provinces.
For a deeper understanding, you can access the full text of the Constitution here: https://na.gov.pk/uploads/documents/1333523681_951.pdf

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The answer is D. Water.

While all the options (Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen) are essential for life as we know it, the lack of water is the primary reason why life is absent on the moon. Water is a crucial component for biological processes and plays a vital role in the formation and structure of living organisms.

Here's a breakdown of why the other options aren't the primary reason:

Carbon: Carbon is a fundamental building block of life on Earth, but there might be some carbon-containing molecules present on the moon.
Hydrogen: Hydrogen is another abundant element in the universe, and some evidence suggests the presence of water ice on the moon in permanently shadowed craters.
Nitrogen: Nitrogen is another essential element for life, but similar to carbon, its absence isn't the main roadblock for life on the moon.
The lack of water, combined with the moon's harsh environment with extreme temperatures, a thin atmosphere, and radiation exposure, makes it unsuitable for life as we understand it.

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The Constitution of 1973 set up a bicameral legislature in Pakistan, also known as Parliament. This means it has two houses:

National Assembly: The lower house with more members, directly elected by the people.
Senate: The upper house with fewer members, elected by provincial assemblies.

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The answer is C. Blood Platelets.

Here's why:

RBC (Red Blood Cells): These are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body, not blood clotting.
WBC (White Blood Cells): These are part of the immune system and fight infection, not involved in clotting.
Blood Platelets: These are cell fragments in blood that play a crucial role in forming clots and stopping bleeding from injuries. When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets rush to the site and clump together, forming a plug that seals the wound and prevents further blood loss.
Lymph: This is a fluid that carries waste products away from tissues and is not directly involved in blood clotting.

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The answer is A. Hypothalamus.

The hypothalamus is a small region located at the base of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat. It plays a critical role in regulating body temperature through various mechanisms:

Monitoring: The hypothalamus receives signals from temperature sensors in the skin and internal organs, constantly monitoring body temperature.
Regulation: Based on the information received, the hypothalamus initiates various responses to maintain a constant internal temperature (around 37°C or 98.6°F).
Heat Loss: If the body temperature rises, the hypothalamus stimulates mechanisms like sweating, vasodilation (widening blood vessels in the skin), and increased blood flow to the skin to release heat.
Heat Production: If the body temperature drops, the hypothalamus triggers shivering, increased metabolic rate (generating heat), and vasoconstriction (narrowing blood vessels) to conserve heat.
The other glands listed have different functions:

Pituitary Gland: Often called the "master gland," it produces hormones that control various bodily functions, but not directly temperature regulation.
Adrenal Gland: Produces hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which influence stress response and metabolism, not the core body temperature.
Thyroid Gland: Produces hormones that regulate metabolism and energy expenditure, but not the immediate control of body temperature.

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The answer is D. Vitamin K.

The liver can synthesize vitamin K. Here's a breakdown of the other options:

Vitamin B6: The liver plays a role in storing and metabolizing vitamin B6, but it cannot synthesize it from scratch.
Vitamin B12: Similar to B6, the liver stores and processes vitamin B12 but doesn't synthesize it. We obtain B12 from animal products or fortified foods.
Vitamin E: The liver has a role in vitamin E metabolism, but synthesis primarily occurs in the fatty tissues.
Vitamin K: The liver is the primary site for vitamin K synthesis in the human body. It uses precursors obtained from dietary sources like green leafy vegetables and some bacteria in the gut.

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The answer is C. Sound waves.

Electromagnetic radiation consists of waves that travel together due to the interaction of electric and magnetic fields. The other options are all examples of electromagnetic radiation:

Red Light: This is a form of visible light with a longer wavelength and lower frequency on the electromagnetic spectrum.
X-rays: These are high-energy, high-frequency electromagnetic waves used for medical imaging and other applications.
Photon: This is the basic unit of light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
Sound waves, on the other hand, are mechanical waves that require a medium (like air or water) to travel. They consist of vibrations of particles in the medium and do not involve the interaction of electric and magnetic fields.

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The human eye isn't measured in megapixels like a digital camera. While an estimate suggests it can perceive detail equivalent to around 576 megapixels, it's not a perfect comparison.

Here's why:

Human Eye vs. Digital Camera:

The human eye doesn't capture a single image like a camera. It constantly receives and processes visual information.Resolution: While the 576-megapixel estimate refers to the level of detail the eye can perceive, it doesn't represent a fixed resolution. Our central vision has the highest detail perception, while peripheral vision is less detailed.Light Sensitivity: The human eye excels in low-light conditions compared to most digital cameras.So, while the 576-megapixel figure gives a general idea, it's important to understand that human vision is a complex biological system that functions differently than a camera.

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